COEXIST: MULTISPECIES DESIGN IN GALAPAGOS
Gianfranco Maiorano (MSc)
Natalia Juca (MSc)
Pinak Bhapkar (MArch)
Rapas Teparaska (MArch)
2022– 2023
The growing human population and its pervasive influence are causing biodiversity loss. There is a gap in addressing this issue in areas with highly delicate ecosystems. A purely conservation-driven approach like protecting intact natural areas, may not be sufficient. Cities are usually not created on how to manage other living organisms when biological diversity plays a substantial role. Within this framework, this project intends to explore - under a multispecies perspective - design solutions for a settlement design in the Galapagos Islands, an archipelago with unique flora and fauna in the Pacific Ocean. In the Galapagos, it is difficult to maintain the natural heritage while the human settlements demand an increasing flow of goods and services. This research questions, how a new housing and settlement spatial configuration in Puerto Ayora (the densest town in the Galapagos) can operate as a sustainable model through the encouragement of the cohabitation of locals, tourists and detected key species (giant tortoise, sea lion, marine iguana and land iguana) complying with the grim issue of freshwater availability, a shared resource on the island. This research was developed by studying ecological interactions to generate multiscale strategies to interweave the needs of the crucial species. It primarily focuses on the terrestrial species in a new settlement for Puerto Ayora from an urban, architectural, and material development, exploring bio-ceramics as a potential material. A set of thorough terrain analyses coupled with animal migratory paths were studied to generate an urban model that dwells on creating a water infrastructure to carefully balance this resource between non-human species corridors and human settlements. Several computational experiments supported with physical prototyping were performed to simulate environmental conditions and adapt the design according to the species requirements, landscape characteristics, network intersections and to explore the housing construction development. The results showed that a spatial settlement configuration can potentially strengthen an animal-human relationship by creating natural and well-connected zones with spaces that promote the animal lifecycle needs throughout the city and minimal human disturbance. The spaces shared with humans can be transitional shelters adapting to the environmental needs of the terrestrial species. While it is impracticable to control them on an annual basis, these species can evolve the built spaces over time with their engagement and interaction to elevate cohabitation.It can be concluded that a multi-species approach can help to reach a more sustainable and viable settlement while touching on some important questions. When non-human species get used to humans, can a place still preserve its wilderness? And if the islands are no longer untouched with the human population growth rate taking over, what could be the new definition of the Galápagos urbanized?